Blacksite/docs/editor/architecture.md

Editor Architecture

High-level layout of the in-process editor binary (crates/editor). For mission and phased work see roadmap.md and mission.md.

Crate boundaries

editor/          egui UI, PIE, BRP, scene I/O, editor-only cameras, hot-reload (dev)
  └─ uses ──► game/       GamePlugin shell, re-exports
              game_hot/   Hot-reloadable gameplay systems (cdylib; dev)
              settings/   assets/project.ron, SimTuning, camera FX profile
              shared/     Authoring components, hydration types
              sim/        Components + resources (TypeIds stay static)
              protocol/   Input intent (network-ready)

Native-only dependencies (rfd, BRP HTTP) stay in editor. settings, shared, sim, and protocol must remain usable from a future WASM client.

Plugin graph (startup order matters)

Plugin	Role
GamePlugin	Shared runtime: rendering, player, sim schedule; standalone default-level bootstrap
ProjectSettingsPlugin	Load assets/project.ron, emit changes, sync SimTuning
ProjectIoPlugin	User prefs, workspace metadata, window title inputs
EditorStatePlugin	EditorMode (Edit/Play), PlayPossession, camera/input gating
PhysicsPlacementPlugin	Paused Edit physics plus isolated transactional gravity placement
ViewportPlugin	Grid, focus, bookmarks, snap settings
EditorCameraPlugin	Fly camera; FX applied via render_view + viewport_camera sync
ActorIconsPlugin	Selectable actor root billboard icons
EditorVisualizersPlugin	Collider/light/spawn/prefab/runtime visualizers and selectable proxies
SceneIoPlugin	Level New/Open/Save, recent paths
CollaborationPlugin	Exact authored-file guards, asynchronous Git status, optional ownership providers
OperatorPlugin	Active operator lifecycle/status for commands and modal tools
SettingsUiPlugin	egui Project Settings panel
EditorUiPlugin	Dock, themed egui shell, viewport overlays, menus, status bar
BrpPlugin	Bevy Remote Protocol HTTP (editor-only)
HotReloadPlugin	Dev-only: game_hot dylib watch + status bar (--features dev)

Hot reload (dev)

Gameplay system bodies live in game_hot as a cdylib. Stable component/resource TypeIds remain in sim / protocol / shared / settings so ECS inserts stay valid after reload (see ADR 0004).

Piece	Location
Hot system implementations	crates/game_hot/src/
Schedule registration + hot wrappers	crates/game/src/lib.rs (hot-reload feature)
Dylib poll, notify watcher, Ctrl+Shift+R	crates/editor/src/hot_reload.rs
Status bar label	ui/status_bar.rs

Workflow: run cargo watch … build -p game_hot in one terminal, cargo run -p editor --features dev in another. Logic-only edits apply without restarting the editor; component layout changes still need a full restart.

Settings split (maintainability)

Concern	Location
Serializable project data	crates/settings — ProjectSettings, save/load
Path + dirty flag	ProjectSettingsIo resource
Panel open/close	ProjectSettingsPanel in settings_ui.rs
Live apply to sim/rendering	ProjectSettingsChanged message (draft edits commit on Apply)

Do not add egui or editor-only state to the settings crate.

Scene Persistence And Recovery

scene/scene_io.rs owns authored scene extraction and user-facing save/load requests; scene/recovery.rs owns transactional byte persistence and machine-local recovery generations. The editor sets GameSceneBootstrap::defer_default_level, so SceneIoPlugin alone materializes the startup document. A standalone GamePlugin instead attaches a schema-aware DynamicWorldRoot for ProjectSettings.default_level; it never runs this automatic load inside the editor. Serialization always rebuilds stripped hydration state before returning, including error paths. Manual writes use same-directory temporary files plus sync/rename, while recovery snapshots live under the user state directory and never clear scene dirty state. Newer recovery is discovered on load and exposed through File menu restore/keep-copy/discard actions; it is never restored automatically. Keeping a copy writes a separate transactional scene without changing the active scene or retiring recovery. The bounded in-session scene I/O event log feeds the Diagnostics window so a later status update does not erase a save or recovery failure. See ADR 0023.

project/collaboration.rs wraps user-authored publication with BLAKE3 baselines and a second revision/read-only check immediately before the same-directory rename. Scene tabs, prefab source Apply/history, staged Material documents, and Project Settings use this shared boundary. Its worker observes path-scoped Git porcelain and optional ownership providers without blocking the frame loop or changing repository state; conflict recovery is explicit Reload, metadata comparison, Save As, or Cancel. Generated artifacts remain under their subsystem-owned regeneration policy. See collaborative-file-safety.md and ADR 0037.

project/session.rs owns the independent versioned restart document under the user state directory. It snapshots allowlisted paths, panel visibility, dock/hierarchy metadata, and camera bookmarks, writes a running marker at startup, and records clean AppExit. Abnormal sessions do not auto-open the prior scene; the explicit safe-resume prompt is the only path back. See ADR 0024.

project/diagnostics_bundle.rs exports a separate, transactional support report from an explicit metadata allowlist. It summarizes build/renderer identity, project paths, dirty state, aggregate validation, the prior crash boundary, and the bounded Scene I/O log without serializing ECS data, asset contents, environment values, host identity, credentials, or operator state.

The active project root is a startup boundary because AssetPlugin.file_path, project settings, the asset catalog, and the initial level must agree before editor systems initialize. project/launcher.rs validates and activates explicit roots before the app exists, filters user-local recents, and scaffolds only missing/empty sandbox destinations. The graphical BS-JD-001 chooser builds on this contract. Do not reintroduce in-process project switching that changes only settings metadata while leaving AssetServer on the old root; see ADR 0025.

Camera and viewport model

See ADR 0014 for the unified viewport decision.

Three camera roles coexist:

1. Editor fly camera (EditorCamera) - active while editing or ejected from PIE.
2. Player camera - active while playing + possessed.
3. egui overlay camera (PrimaryEguiContext) - full-window Camera2d; never viewport-cropped. Attaching egui to a cropped 3D camera causes NaN layout panics.

Unified viewport: one docked Viewport tab owns the primary offscreen HDR target (ViewportRenderTarget). Edit mode and Play-ejected bind the editor fly camera to that target; Play-possessed binds the player camera to the same target. Saved layouts with the old Game View tab are migrated to one Viewport tab.

WYSIWYG rendering: render_view.rs is the only editor system that mutates viewport post-FX. It calls game_hot::sync_viewport_camera_stack on the active camera (editor fly or possessed player), driven by ActiveCameraRenderProfile from project settings and volumes plus EffectiveRenderStack for requested/effective GI fallback. scene_view and play/session set HDR render targets and is_active only—they do not strip FX. Only one camera carries the stack at a time (mesh-view bind group limits). See ADR 0015 and ADR 0016.

The viewport uses render-to-texture: the active camera renders to an offscreen HDR target sized to the dock panel (panel_physical_size()), then egui displays that texture. Cameras use viewport = None on image targets so the scissor always matches the texture; panel size only drives texture allocation, not a sub-viewport on the image.

HDR invariant: Atmosphere, authored HDR, and effective Solari all require an Hdr camera target; they must never render to the primary window swapchain (Rgba8UnormSrgb). When the HDR offscreen target is missing, scene_view / play deactivate cameras; render_view skips stack sync until a target exists. Render-target changes and Solari/Forward fallback changes force a full camera-stack rebuild so stale sky or post-FX pipelines cannot survive across texture-format transitions.

Viewport picking: LMB selection maps the egui panel UV through scene_view_ray and raycasts with MeshRayCast. Object pick runs in Last after transform_gizmo_bevy so gizmo drags take priority. GizmoOptions.viewport_rect is synced from the viewport panel rect so gizmo hit-testing matches render-to-texture layout. Actor root icon and visualizer proxy hits resolve to their source entity, so clicking an icon or light/spawn/collider marker selects the authored or runtime object, not the helper. Actor icon hits are ordered ahead of ordinary mesh hits when both are under the cursor. In Edit mode, selecting the runtime Player redirects to an authored PlayerSpawn (Player Start), creating one if needed.

Selection overlay: selection_outline.rs draws a shared unit-box shell per selected LevelObject (bounds from Primitive, physics collider, or mesh AABB), scaled to fit. Custom shader (assets/shaders/selection_outline.wgsl) uses rim-only fresnel with two cheap depth passes: Greater (soft cyan x-ray) and LessEqual (amber edge). Sync runs only when selection changes. Editor-only.

Clean game-view overlay: ViewportDisplayMode.clean_game_view hides editor chrome, grid, selection outlines, transform gizmos, actor root icons, visualizers, and selectable proxy meshes without changing camera ownership. G toggles this mode; Ctrl+G toggles the grid.

Actor root icons: actor_icons.rs registers the editor PNG icon set as internal binary image assets and spawns screen-stable, camera-facing editor-only billboards at LevelObject roots. A custom overlay material draws them unlit with always-pass depth so opaque meshes do not obstruct them. The billboards are RaytracingExcluded, hidden with clean game-view, filtered from hierarchy and scene serialization, and expose per-category viewport options for actors, meshes, lights, physics, gameplay, volumes, prefab/model anchors, warnings, and icon size.

Scene visualizers: visualizers.rs draws transient gizmo lines for authoring components without obvious meshes: colliders, lights, PlayerSpawn, prefab/model anchors, Project Sun, and runtime player/camera markers. Small editor-only proxy meshes make those markers selectable but are filtered from hierarchy and scene serialization. Player/start markers use the runtime capsule constants from sim::tuning.

World lighting: Project settings provide default ambient light and a runtime ProjectSun. A scene-authored directional LightDesc is treated as a scene sun override; when present, sync_project_sun_visibility hides/disables the project sun to avoid duplicate directional lighting.

Editor UI shell

The egui layer lives under crates/editor/src/ui/:

Module	Role
mod.rs	EditorUiPlugin, UiState, dock host, tab titles
theme.rs	Unity-like dark pro palette + egui_dock chrome
fonts.rs	Phosphor icon font on PrimaryEguiContext
widgets.rs	Icon buttons, tool toggles, menu helpers
asset_browser.rs	Project/file browser with tree, breadcrumb, filters, list/grid modes, embedded model shelves, details/import settings
menu.rs	Top menu bar with shortcuts
viewport_chrome.rs	Unified viewport RTT + overlay toolbars
actor_icons.rs	Screen-stable actor root icons and selectable icon proxies
visualizers.rs	Scene visualizer settings, gizmo drawing, selectable proxies
toolbar.rs	Bottom dock icon toolbar
status_bar.rs	Fixed bottom status strip
hierarchy.rs / asset_browser.rs / inspector.rs	Panel bodies
diagnostics.rs	Detailed stats (Window → Diagnostics, Asset Browser footer)
layout.rs	Dock layout RON persistence in editor_prefs.ron

The Viewport fills the tab (no inline help text). Gizmo/grid/play controls sit on a near-black semi-transparent overlay, and G hides editor-only overlays for a clean game view. The fixed dark status strip prioritizes SceneIo.status feedback and also shows scene path/dirty state, compact active-file collaboration status, mode, selection count, history, and the active operator. Long feedback is truncated responsively and available in a hover tooltip. Dock layout restores from ~/.config/bevy-fps/editor_prefs.ron on startup; View → Reset Layout restores defaults.

Follow-up (Phase 4b): inspector search and richer per-asset previews.

PIE state machine

stateDiagram-v2
    [*] --> Editing
    Editing --> Playing_Possessed: F5 enter play
    Playing_Possessed --> Playing_Ejected: F8 eject
    Playing_Ejected --> Playing_Possessed: F8 possess
    Playing_Possessed --> Editing: F5 stop
    Playing_Ejected --> Editing: F5 stop

Resource	Editing	Playing possessed	Playing ejected
SimEnabled	false	true	true
GameInputEnabled	false	true	false
Time<Physics>	paused	running	running
Editor camera active	true	false	true
Player camera active	false	true	false

On play enter/exit the editor snapshots player sim state only (transform, velocity, jump timers). Authored scene entities are not rolled back so in-play edits persist when stopping PIE.

Paused Play also pauses Time<Physics>; F7 advances that clock by exactly one 64 Hz sim tick. Edit mode keeps the clock paused. viewport/physics_placement.rs may advance bounded 120 Hz preview steps while selected bodies are temporarily dynamic and every other movable body is temporarily static. Commit records only final local transforms through grouped history; cancel and the Edit-to-Play boundary restore the complete runtime snapshot. See physics-placement.md and ADR 0041.

Scene authoring flow

1. User edits entities with LevelObject + reflectable components from shared.
2. EditorOnly entities (cameras, helpers) are filtered from hierarchy and save; visualizer proxies can be picked but resolve back to source entities.
3. Player placement is stored as PlayerSpawn; the runtime Player is never serialized.
4. SceneIo writes native Bevy dynamic scenes under assets/levels/, routed through scene::document::SceneDocument. The active tab is materialized in the ECS world; inactive tabs retain normalized authored snapshots and independent dirty/recovery state. SceneComposition resources reference validated project-relative subscenes by stable IDs, and runtime-only ComposedSceneMember ownership prevents child actors from being flattened into the owner save. See multi-scene-composition.md and ADR 0026.
5. Hydration systems in game spawn meshes, colliders, lights, static mesh renderer parts, and dedicated skinned-model hierarchies at runtime. Level-object roots are initialized with Bevy visibility hierarchy components before generated children are attached, so authoring EditorVisibility participates in normal visibility propagation. ActorId and ComponentInstanceId are the persisted identities; raw Bevy Entity IDs are runtime-only and must not become tool-facing document IDs.
6. Brush actors store authored convex geometry as BrushDesc; hydration rebuilds generated mesh children from those faces and strips the children before save.

Model import (glTF + FBX)

• Import: File → Import Assets copies glTF/GLB/FBX into assets/models/. FBX imports also copy a sibling {name}.fbm/ folder when present (embedded textures).
• Processing: the asset registry generates normalized model manifests under assets/meshes/generated/. The manifests store stable part IDs, glTF/FBX mesh/material subasset labels, whether each part is skin-bound, source metadata, dependencies, and import settings. These artifacts are hidden from the Asset Browser catalog.
• Browser subassets: model rows can expand into a content shelf backed by the generated manifest. Unrigged mesh subassets place as independent StaticMeshRenderer actors. A skinned subasset places its owning source through SkinnedMeshRenderer, retaining joints and inverse bind poses. Material subassets expose source defaults, and texture dependencies can be applied to selected actors. The thumbnail studio renders each generated model/subasset/material preview into its own render target before registering it in the cache so later thumbnails cannot overwrite earlier cache entries.
• Default placement: Renderable Asset (Auto) creates ActorKind::StaticMesh + StaticMeshRenderer for unrigged, non-animated models and ActorKind::SkinnedMesh + SkinnedMeshRenderer when any part is skin-bound or the source contains animation. Static renderer slots reference imported EditorAssetRef values and exclude skinned parts. Static SingleActor mode stores all parts in one renderer; SourceHierarchy creates a root with child static mesh actors. Skinned placement always preserves the imported source hierarchy.
• Collision: when collider generation is enabled, static placement adds RigidBodyDesc and ColliderDesc::StaticMesh using the same imported mesh refs. Skinned render surfaces do not receive automatic triangle colliders; author stable gameplay collision explicitly.
• Scene-instance placement: asset details can switch placement to SceneInstance; that keeps ImportedModel + ModelRef for a generic source scene and hydrates to WorldAssetRoot. It is not the animation renderer. glTF uses GltfAssetLabel::Scene; FBX uses bevy_ufbx (path#SceneN). FbxPlugin is registered in GamePlugin.
• Limitations: Binary FBX only (not ASCII). Animated or skinned FBX remains blocked until its loader can construct the same hierarchy and clips as the glTF skinned path. See ADRs 0031 and 0033.

Undo / history

Structural edits (spawn, delete, transform, rename) go through EditorHistory command objects in history.rs. User-facing actions route through the operator lifecycle in operators.rs: begin, preview, commit, cancel, disabled reason, stable ID, and status text. Registered commands return typed OperatorAction::Commit or OperatorAction::ContinuePreview, so immediate commands finish while Draw Brush and CSG retain modal Preview ownership; validation failures terminate instead of leaving stale status. Existing EditorHistory commands remain the undo payload. Group Selection is one atomic command that remaps its transient group identity on every redo without reparenting unrelated siblings. Lighting reset and Project Sun changes use one grouped light command. Asset placement, assignment, exact material drops, brush tools, terrain strokes, physics placement, and the real transform tracker all publish terminal lifecycle state. operators/test_harness.rs verifies semantic projections, dirty-state preservation, stable IDs, helper cleanup, undo grouping, repeated undo/redo, and automatic interruption rollback; see operator-regression-testing.md.

PIE stop restores player simulation state only; authored LevelObject edits made during PIE remain in the scene.

Editor crate layout (ADR 0008)

crates/editor is a library + binary. EditorPluginGroup in lib.rs registers plugins in a fixed order. Domain modules:

Directory	Responsibility
scene/	Level I/O, schema plugin, viewport RTT setup
viewport/	Camera, selection, gizmos, render views, panel settings
play/	PIE session, editor mode, net editor profiles
assets/	Catalog, asset DB, static mesh artifacts, prefab overrides
project/	Project I/O, settings UI, authored-file safety, and observational collaboration status
ext/	Command palette, BRP, game panel adapters
history/	Undo commands + plugin
ui/	egui dock shell

Shared scene schema lives in the Bevy-free crates/scene crate (stamp/migrate/validate on save, load, and CI). game::schema_world_loader is the runtime adapter that validates and unwraps the schema envelope before Bevy deserializes versioned prefab assets; both game and editor install it through GamePlugin.

HDR / swapchain invariant

The unified viewport renders through an HDR offscreen target (render_target.rs). When the panel target is missing (egui reflow), cameras must strip atmosphere/post-FX before targeting the swapchain. User-authored HDR may be disabled, but atmosphere and effective Solari still force Hdr on the active viewport camera because Bevy sky/Solari pipelines are not safe to carry across SDR targets. render_view::sync_project_render_view runs in PostUpdate after RTT target assignment and reapplies the project FX stack whenever the active panel target handle changes (startup, resize), not only on settings Apply. Project Settings uses a draft buffer; Apply commits after render targets resync.

Bevy 0.19 removed the workspace's prior local bevy_render swapchain-timeout patch. The only active Bevy-adjacent patches are compatibility shims for ecosystem crates: transform-gizmo-bevy and bevy_ufbx under third_party/.

Extensibility (phase 6)

extensibility.rs provides EditorCommand, EditorPlugin, and a working command palette (Ctrl+P). Game crates register panel hooks via game::editor_ext::editor_panel_setups(); the editor binary wraps them without editing ui/mod.rs (ADR 0007, dogfood: FPS Demo panel, Ctrl+Shift+G).